Ischiorectal Fossa
Morphology
The ischiorectal fossa is a fat-filled space located in the pelvic region, extending from the coccyx to the ischial tuberosities. It is a two-layered space, with the internal layer being in direct contact with the anal canal and the external layer being in contact with the gluteal muscles.
Contents
- Fat
- Inferior rectal vessels and nerves
- Middle rectal vessels and nerves
- Pudendal vessels and nerves
- Anal lymph nodes
Applied Anatomy
Developmental Process
The ischiorectal fossa develops from the second branchial cleft and the urogenital sinus.
Arterial Supply
The ischiorectal fossa receives its blood supply from the inferior rectal artery, middle rectal artery, and the internal pudendal artery.
Nerve Supply
The ischiorectal fossa is innervated by the inferior rectal nerve, middle rectal nerve, and the perineal nerve.
Lymphatic Drainage
The ischiorectal fossa drains its lymph to the internal iliac lymph nodes.
Clinical Importance
The ischiorectal fossa is a common site for abscesses and fistulas, especially in cases of anal gland infections.