PERINEUM: SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP PERINEAL POUCHES

PERINEUM: SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP PERINEAL POUCHES

Define perineum and mention its subdivisions

Perineum is an area of tissue in the body that separates the pubic symphysis in front from the coccyx at the back. It is a diamond-shaped region that contains the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle. The perineum is divided into two parts: superficial and deep perineal pouches.

Describe the boundaries and contents of superficial and deep perineal pouches

Superficial Perineal Pouch

• Boundaries:

  • Superficial layer of perineal membrane in front
  • Inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm at the sides
  • External anal sphincter behind
  • Fascia covering the muscles of the perineum

• Contents:

  • Superficial transverse perineal muscles
  • Great vestibular glands in females
  • Bulbourethral glands in males
  • Deep transverse perineal muscles

Deep Perineal Pouch

• Boundaries:

  • Inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm in front
  • Perineal body in the middle
  • External anal sphincter behind
  • Fascia covering the muscles of the perineum

• Contents:

  • Deep transverse perineal muscles
  • Urogenital diaphragm
  • Levator ani muscles
  • Internal anal sphincter

Describe the applied anatomy

In females, the superficial perineal pouch contains the great vestibular glands, which secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina. The deep perineal pouch contains the urogenital diaphragm, which supports the urethra and vagina.

In males, the superficial perineal pouch contains the bulbourethral glands, which secrete mucus to lubricate the urethra during ejaculation. The deep perineal pouch contains the urogenital diaphragm, which supports the urethra.

The perineum is an important area for childbirth, as it allows for the passage of the baby's head during delivery. It is also an area of concern for injuries, such as perineal tears, which can occur during childbirth or other forms of trauma.