POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL AND INFERIOR VENA CAVA

POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL AND INFERIOR VENA CAVA

STRUCTURES IN POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL

1. Erector spinae muscle (spinal muscles)
2. Transversus abdominis muscle
3. Internal oblique muscle
4. External oblique muscle
5. Thoracolumbar fascia
6. Lumbar vertebrae
7. Iliac crest
8. 12th rib
9. Psoas major muscle
10. Quadratus lumborum muscle

DIAGRAM OF POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL

+------------------------+ | Erector spinae | | muscle (spinal muscles) | +------------------------+ | | v +------------------------+ | Transversus abdominis | | muscle | +------------------------+ | | v +------------------------+ | Internal oblique muscle | | & external oblique | +------------------------+

ORIGIN, COURSE, RELATIONS, AND TRIBUTARIES OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA

1. Origin: Formed by the confluence of the right and left common iliac veins.
2. Course: Ascends through the abdominal cavity, behind the peritoneum, to the right of the aorta.
3. Relations:
   • In front: right crus of the diaphragm, right suprarenal gland, and right kidney.
   • Behind: right crus of the diaphragm and right psoas major muscle.
   • Lateral: right common iliac artery and right ureter.
4. Tributaries:
   • Right gonadal vein
   • Right suprarenal vein
   • Right liver and right kidney

DIAGRAM OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA

+------------------------+ | Inferior vena cava | +------------------------+ | | v +------------------------+ | Common iliac veins | +------------------------+ | | v +------------------------+ | Renal veins | +------------------------+ | | v +------------------------+ | Suprarenal veins & | | gonadal veins | +------------------------+

APPLIED ANATOMY OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA

1. During laparoscopic surgery, the inferior vena cava is an important landmark for identifying the location of the liver and other abdominal organs.
2. In radiology, the inferior vena cava is an essential structure for imaging the abdominal organs, especially the liver and kidneys.
3. In orthopedic surgery, the inferior vena cava is a critical structure to consider when performing procedures such as spinal fusion or hip replacement.

FLOWCHART OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA

Inferior vena cava → Confluence of right and left common iliac veins → Ascends through abdominal cavity → Behind the peritoneum → Right of the aorta → Tributaries: right gonadal vein, right suprarenal vein, right liver, and right kidney