Pleura
1. Define Pleura
Pleura is a double-layered membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity.
2. Mention the Layers
The pleura consists of two layers:
- Parietal pleura: outer layer that lines the thoracic cavity
- Visceral pleura: inner layer that directly surrounds the lungs
3. Describe the Parts of Parietal Pleura
The parietal pleura is divided into three parts:
- Costal pleura: covers the inner surface of the ribs
- Mediastinal pleura: covers the heart and other mediastinal organs
- Diaphragmatic pleura: covers the upper surface of the diaphragm
4. Mention its Blood and Nerve Supply
The parietal pleura receives its blood supply from:
- Inter Costal Arteries (ICA)
- Thoracic Aorta (TA)
It receives its nerve supply from:
- Phrenic Nerve (PN)
- Intercostal Nerves (ICN)
5. Describe its Applied Anatomy
- Inflammation of the pleura (pleurisy) can cause pain, discomfort, and difficulty breathing.
- Parietal pleura plays a crucial role in the expansion and contraction of the lungs during breathing.
- The pleural cavity is a potential space that can be filled with fluid, blood, or air, which can lead to conditions like pleural effusion or pneumothorax.