2. Plasma Proteins
Origin of Plasma Proteins
Plasma proteins are proteins present in the blood plasma. They are synthesized by the liver and other organs in the body. The liver produces about 70% of plasma proteins, while the remaining 30% is produced by other organs such as the kidneys, pancreas, and intestines.
Forms and Functions of Plasma Proteins
Plasma proteins can be classified into two main categories: albumin and globulins.
- Albumin: Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein, accounting for about 60% of total plasma proteins. It helps to maintain blood volume, transport hormones, and bind to calcium and other ions.
- Globulins: Globulins are a group of proteins that include antibodies, clotting factors, and lipoproteins. They play a crucial role in immune function, blood clotting, and lipid transport.
Relation of Diet to Plasma Proteins
Diet plays a significant role in regulating plasma protein levels. A diet rich in protein and essential amino acids is necessary for the production of plasma proteins. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and they are obtained from dietary sources such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy products.
Key points to understand:
- Plasma proteins are synthesized by the liver and other organs in the body.
- Albumin and globulins are the two main categories of plasma proteins.
- Albumin helps to maintain blood volume, transport hormones, and bind to calcium and other ions.
- Globulins play a crucial role in immune function, blood clotting, and lipid transport.
- A diet rich in protein and essential amino acids is necessary for the production of plasma proteins.