JAW TUMOURS
Classify jaw tumours
- Benign jaw tumours
- Malignant jaw tumours
- Odontogenic tumours
- Non-odontogenic tumours
- Tumours of the salivary glands
- Tumours of the soft tissue of the jaw
Benign jaw tumours
- Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC)
- AKA: Keratocystic odontogenic tumour (KCOT)
- Definition: A type of cystic lesion of the jaw
- Clinical features: Asymptomatic, painless, radiolucent lesion
- Pathology: Lined by a stratified squamous epithelium with a distinct epithelial lining
- Blood supply: Arises from the periosteal vessels
- Nerve supply: Nerve supply is from the inferior alveolar nerve
- Clinical anatomy: Typically found in the mandible, often associated with impacted teeth
- Ameloblastoma
- Definition: A type of benign odontogenic tumour
- Clinical features: Asymptomatic, painless, radiolucent lesion
- Pathology: Composed of ameloblast-like cells
- Blood supply: Arises from the periosteal vessels
- Nerve supply: Nerve supply is from the inferior alveolar nerve
- Clinical anatomy: Typically found in the mandible
- Odontogenic myxoma
- Definition: A type of benign odontogenic tumour
- Clinical features: Asymptomatic, painless, radiolucent lesion
- Pathology: Composed of myxoid tissue
- Blood supply: Arises from the periosteal vessels
- Nerve supply: Nerve supply is from the inferior alveolar nerve
- Clinical anatomy: Typically found in the mandible
Malignant jaw tumours
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Definition: A type of malignant odontogenic tumour
- Clinical features: Painful, radiolucent lesion
- Pathology: Composed of squamous cells
- Blood supply: Arises from the periosteal vessels
- Nerve supply: Nerve supply is from the inferior alveolar nerve
- Clinical anatomy: Typically found in the mandible
- Adenoid cystic carcinoma
- Definition: A type of malignant salivary gland tumour
- Clinical features: Painless, radiolucent lesion
- Pathology: Composed of glandular tissue
- Blood supply: Arises from the periosteal vessels
- Nerve supply: Nerve supply is from the inferior alveolar nerve
- Clinical anatomy: Typically found in the salivary glands
Describe clinical features of jaw tumours
- Pain: May be present in malignant tumours
- Swelling: May be present in benign and malignant tumours
- Mobility: May be reduced in malignant tumours
- Radiolucency: May be present in benign and malignant tumours
- Erythema: May be present in malignant tumours
Describe radiological features of jaw tumours
- Radiolucency: May be present in benign and malignant tumours
- Radiopacity: May be present in benign and malignant tumours
- Cortical expansion: May be present in benign and malignant tumours
- Bone destruction: May be present in malignant tumours
Discuss surgical management of jaw tumours
- Wide excision → Histopathological examination → Reconstruction
- Surgical margins: Should be at least 1 cm
- Reconstruction: May be required in cases of extensive bone loss
- Bone grafting
- Soft tissue reconstruction
Discuss non-surgical management of jaw tumours
- Radiotherapy: May be used in cases of malignant tumours
- Chemotherapy: May be used in cases of malignant tumours
- Hormonal therapy: May be used in cases of malignant tumours
Outline homoeopathic remedies for jaw tumours
- Calcarea carbonica: For pain and swelling
- Silica: For bone destruction and radiolucency
- Calcarea phosphorica: For bone regeneration and reconstruction
- Belladonna: For pain and inflammation
- Hypericum: For nerve pain and numbness