Venous Thrombosis and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Venous thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot in a vein.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body, typically in the legs.

Age: Older adults are more prone to DVT.
Family history: Individuals with a family history of DVT or blood clots are more likely to develop DVT.
Surgery: Patients undergoing surgery, especially hip or knee replacement, are at higher risk for DVT.
Cancer: People with cancer, particularly pancreatic, lung, and stomach cancer, are at increased risk of DVT.
Pregnancy: Pregnant women are at higher risk for DVT due to increased blood clotting.
Immobility: People who are immobile for extended periods, such as those confined to bed or wheelchair, are at higher risk for DVT.
Trauma: Severe trauma, such as a car accident or fall, can increase the risk of DVT.
Inherited blood clotting disorders: Individuals with inherited blood clotting disorders, such as Factor V Leiden, are at higher risk for DVT.

A blood clot forms in a vein due to a combination of factors, including:
- Damage to the vein wall
- Stasis of blood flow
- Hypercoagulability of blood
- Activation of the coagulation cascade
The clot can break loose and travel to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism.

Sudden onset of pain in the affected leg
Swelling and redness in the affected leg
Warmth and tenderness to the touch in the affected leg
Shortness of breath or chest pain (if the clot has broken loose and traveled to the lungs)

Complete Blood Count (CBC) to check for signs of infection or inflammation
Prothrombin Time (PT) and Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) to assess blood clotting
D-dimer test to check for the presence of blood clots
Imaging studies to confirm the presence and location of the blood clot

In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to: → Remove the clot → Repair or replace the damaged vein → Perform a vascular procedure to improve blood flow

VENOUS THROMBOSIS AND DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS (DVT)