Paralytic Ileus

Definition

Paralytic ileus is a condition characterized by a temporary cessation of the normal contractions of the intestinal muscles, leading to a buildup of food residue and fluids in the intestine.

Types

There are several types of paralytic ileus, including:

• Adynamic ileus: a non-motile state of the intestinal muscles, often caused by surgery or trauma.
• Adynamic ileus with intestinal distension: a condition where the intestine becomes distended and unable to move.
• Adynamic ileus with intestinal obstruction: a condition where the intestine is unable to move due to a physical blockage.

Causes

The causes of paralytic ileus can be categorized into several groups:

• Surgical causes:
  • Postoperative ileus (POI)
  • Laparotomy
  • Pelvic surgery
  • Abdominal surgery
• Medical causes:
  • Electrolyte imbalance
  • Medications (e.g. opioids, anticholinergics)
  • Infections (e.g. peritonitis, abscesses)
  • Trauma
  • Burns
• Other causes:
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Diabetes
  • Electrolyte imbalance

Clinical Features

The clinical features of paralytic ileus include:

• Abdominal distension
• Nausea and vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Constipation
• Bloating

Investigations

Investigations for paralytic ileus include:

• Abdominal X-ray: to assess for intestinal distension and air-fluid levels
• Urine output: to assess for dehydration
• Blood work: to assess for electrolyte imbalance and other laboratory abnormalities
• Endoscopy: to assess for intestinal obstruction or other conditions

Complications

Complications of paralytic ileus include:

• Sepsis: due to bacterial overgrowth and translocation
• Intestinal perforation: due to increased pressure and distension
• Necrosis: due to prolonged ileus and intestinal ischemia

Management

Management of paralytic ileus involves:

• Fluid resuscitation: to prevent dehydration
• Electrolyte replacement: to correct electrolyte imbalance
• Medications: to manage symptoms and prevent complications
• Surgery: in cases of obstruction or necrosis

Treatment

Treatment for paralytic ileus includes:

• Nasogastric suction: to decompress the intestine
• Parenteral nutrition: to provide nutritional support
• Medications: to manage symptoms and prevent complications
• Surgery: in cases of obstruction or necrosis

Homeopathic Therapeutic Medicines

Homeopathic medicines for paralytic ileus include:

• Aloe: for symptoms of abdominal pain and distension
• Arsenicum album: for symptoms of nausea and vomiting
• Carbo vegetalis: for symptoms of bloating and flatulence
• Phosphorus: for symptoms of abdominal pain and distension